Design and Implementation of Marker-Based Augmented Reality Application for Waste Sorting Education: Organic, Inorganic, and Hazardous/B3

Muhammad Fatih Maulana; Raflhy Ramadhan; Muhammad Satrio Pratama; Rifky Daffa Pratama; Muhammad Faraby Tharurasyid

Authors

Muhammad Fatih Maulana UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
Raflhy Ramadhan
Muhammad Satrio Pratama UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
Rifky Daffa Pratama UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
Muhammad Faraby Tharurasyid UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Keywords:

Augmented Reality, Waste Education, Marker-Based, Unity 6, Vuforia Engine

Abstract

Proper waste management starting from the household level is a critical step in pre-serving environmental ecosystems. However, community awareness and knowledge regarding waste sorting (Organic, Inorganic, and Hazardous/B3) remain low. Conven-tional educational tools such as brochures and static posters are often ineffective in en-gaging younger generations. This study presents EcoWaste-AR, a mobile Augmented Reality (AR) application developed using Unity 6 (6000.3.16f1) and Vuforia Engine SDK (v11.4.4) to provide an interactive and immersive waste sorting learning media. Following the Waterfall Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) model, the system maps physical waste category cards (image markers) to interactive 3D assets: an ap-ple core for Organic waste, a plastic bottle for Inorganic waste, and a battery for B3 waste. Each model is optimized as low-poly meshes to ensure high frame rates (> 60 FPS) on standard Android devices. Interaction is enhanced by billboarding text labels for camera-facing legibility and smooth UI animations. Evaluation through black-box testing demonstrates successful marker tracking across varying viewing angles (30 to 90 degrees), distances (10 to 60 cm), and lighting conditions (> 10 lux). The resulting application serves as an engaging and technically robust tool to raise ecological literacy and foster waste sorting habits.

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