Generative AI and Islamic Family Law: Normative Framing of Marital Relations
Keywords:
Qiwāmah, Marital authority, Reciprocal accountability, Shared agency, Islamic jurisprudence, Gender justiceAbstract
This study examines how GPT frames authority, responsibility, reciprocity, and shared agency in controversial Islamic family law issues. The study used qualitative thematic analysis, descriptive quantitative mapping, and cross-question consistency analysis of 32 GPT responses obtained through independent sessions with standardized prompt protocols. The results showed that relational framing was the dominant orientation (20/32; 62.5%), followed by contextual (25%) and mixed (12.5%) framing, with no predominantly hierarchical responses. Qiwāmah tended to be framed as functional responsibilities that resulted in limited authority, rather than unlimited unilateral authority. Fixed alimony was primarily positioned as the husband's responsibility, but the wife's economic contribution was recognized in the practical family setting. Decision-making was increasingly geared towards consultation, participation, and negotiation. The findings resulted in the Relational Normative Reconciliation Model (RNRM), which links differentiated roles, functional responsibility, limited authority, reciprocal accountability, shared agency, and relational decisions. The research confirms that the normative coherence of AI outputs is not the same as legal validity, so human verification of Islamic sources and positive laws remains necessary.
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